A data sample, or subset of a larger population, is used to help understand the behavior and characteristics of the entire population.
Simple random sampling
Pick random elements from a population, assuming every element of the population must have an equal chance of being selected.
Stratified sampling
Divide the population (strata) according to their attributes and characteristics, then pick random elements from each division. The subsets of the strata are then pooled to form a random sample.
Sampling error
The difference between sample statistics and population parameters
Sampling distribution
Probability distribution of all possible sample statistics
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